What are spousal benefits under Social Security?

Spousal benefits under Social Security refer to the benefits that one spouse may receive based on the work record of their partner. This provision allows a lower-earning or non-working spouse to receive a benefit that is derived from their spouse's Social Security earnings record, rather than their own. This is particularly beneficial for individuals who may have lower lifetime earnings or who have spent time out of the workforce raising children or taking care of family members.

The program is designed to help ensure that families have some financial support available based on the earnings of the higher-earning spouse. The benefits can be up to 50% of the higher earner's full retirement age benefit, which provides a safety net for those who may have limited individual retirement income. Additionally, spousal benefits can be claimed regardless of whether the spouse has a work record of their own, thus offering essential financial security for household units.

In contrast, benefits based on an individual's own work record (the first choice) do not fall under the category of spousal benefits. The third choice mentions that benefits are equal to the higher earner's full benefit, which is not entirely accurate, as spousal benefits are typically capped at 50% of the higher earner's benefit at full retirement age. Lastly